The octopus is a diverse eight-legged creature of the sea. Octopuses belong to the order of large molluscs. Octopus has always been the focus of natural scientists' research due to its external diversity, and the results obtained are no less surprising! Octopus's unique physical structure and activity make it a strange animal. Many have compared the octopus to an unearthly alien, which may have come from outer space! No, actually the octopus is not a space alien - it's a peculiar creature of Earth. Today let's talk about the discussed reasons behind the octopus being such a strange animal.
1. Three hearts of octopus!!
Yes, I said it right. Octopus has three hearts in its body.
The two hearts work exclusively by pumping blood to the animal's gills so that the blood in the gills can be pure and oxygenated. And the third heart circulates this pure blood to the rest of the organs. Also, when the octopus swims, the third heart stops beating, so these animals always prefer to crawl rather than swim (because swimming makes them too tired).
2. No brain monster!!
An octopus also has nine brains in its body - all functional and organized! The octopus has a central brain, which is where all the necessary analysis and decision-making takes place, and the remaining eight brains are accessory brains—one at the base of each arm and acting as a receiver and analyzer of all information received by that arm. Again, two-thirds of the total neurons in an octopus's body are in its arms. And, these neurons can work independently while the main brain is busy doing other things!
3. Blue blood monster!!
Human cells contain iron-based hemoglobin for oxygen transport. And because of this hemoglobin our blood color is red. On the other hand, in octopuses, copper-based cyanoglobin is used to transport oxygen through the blood. This cyanoglobin is what makes octopus blood blue! Cyanoglobin delivers oxygen to cells in their cells, but with relatively low efficiency - making octopuses less energy than expected.
4. Memorization and learning!!
Octopuses are very intelligent creatures. In maze and problem-solving tests, these animals have demonstrated memory processing and application skills that allow them to store and act on both short-term and long-term memories! However, it is not yet known precisely what changes in the behavior of adult octopuses result from learning. Young octopuses are thought to learn little from their parents, so octopuses are pretty much self-educated!
5. Intellectual skills!!
Research experiments show that adult octopuses can be easily retrained to distinguish between different shapes and patterns. They have been shown to practice this surprising observational learning, although the validity of these findings is still under considerable review. Their favorable behavior in the direction and response of the current shows intelligence. Additionally, in tests, octopuses collected discarded coconut shells and then used them to build a shelter, which also demonstrates the utility of the tool.
6. Many disguises!!
Octopuses are well camouflaged during hunting and to avoid predators. To do this they use several types of specialized cells in the skin - which adjust the color, transparency, and reflectance of the skin to change its appearance of the skin! Special cells called chromatophores contain yellow, orange, red, brown, and black pigment compounds. Other skin color-changing cells are the mirror-forming iridophore and the white leucophore. This ability to change the color of the octopus's body skin is also used to communicate with other octopuses and provide a mutual warning.
7. Throw ink!!
Many species of octopus usually try to camouflage themselves and escape when suddenly caught in the sight of their predator. However, they can also cause confusion by throwing ink dyes from special ink sacs at predators. This ink is thought to reduce the efficiency of the olfactory organs of predators, which helps them survive predators (eg sharks that follow the scent of prey). The pigmentation of some species of octopus can act as a pseudomorph and harm predators.
8. Leave the illusion of the feet!!
When octopuses are attacked, some may perform life-saving "arm autotomies" or amputate their legs, similar to how lizards sever their tails from their bodies. If necessary they can throw the arm used for crawling towards the predator. Such a dislocated arm is hypersensitive to stimuli while in the body and may experience unpleasant sensations. Amazingly, octopuses can even replace lost legs with new ones!
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